THE ULTIMATE BEGINNER'S GUIDE TO HACKING AND PHREAKING 

When I began hacking and started reading all of the beginner files, I still had many un-answered questions. My questions were 
eventually answered, but only through LOTS of reading and practice. In this file, I hope to give basic step by step instructions that will 
help beginning hackers and phreakers get started. But, DO NOT think that this will save you from having to read alot. If you want to be a 
hacker/phreaker, reading is the most important thing you can do. You will have to do ALOT of reading no matter what.
This document was intended for beginners, but it can also be used as a reference tool for advanced hackers and phreakers.
Please distribute this document freely. Give it to anyone that you know who is interested in hacking and/or phreaking. Post it on your 
World Wide Web page, Ftp sites, and BBS's. Do whatever you want with it as long as it stays UNCHANGED.

This document is divided into three main sections with many different sub-sections in them. 

Table Of Contents:


I. HACKING

A. What is hacking?
B. Why hack?
C. Hacking rules
D. Getting started
E. Where and how to start hacking
F. Telenet commands
G. Telenet dialups
H. Telenet DNIC's
I. Telenet NUA's
J. Basic UNIX hacking
K. Basic VAX/VMS hacking
L. Basic PRIME hacking
M. Password list
N. Connecting modems to different phone lines
O. Viruses, Trojans, and Worms

II. PHREAKING

A. What is phreaking?
B. Why phreak? 
C. Phreaking rules
D. Where and how to start phreaking
E. Boxes and what they do
F. Red Box plans
G. Free calling from COCOT's
H. ANAC numbers

III. REFERENCE

A. Hacking and phreaking W.W.W. pages
B. Good hacking and phreaking text files
C. Hacking and phreaking Newsgroups
D. Rainbow Books
E. Hacking and phreaking magazines
F. Hacking and phreaking movies
G. Hacking and phreaking Gopher sites
H. Hacking and phreaking Ftp sites
I. Hacking and phreaking BBS's
J. Cool hackers and phreakers
K. Hacker's Manifesto
L. Happy hacking!




I. HACKING


A. What is hacking?


Hacking is the act of penetrating computer systems to gain knowledge about the system and how it works.
Hacking is illegal because we demand free access to ALL data, and we get it. This pisses people off and we are outcasted from society, and 
in order to stay out of prison, we must keep our status of being a hacker/phreaker a secret. We can't discuss our findings with anyone but
other members of the hacking/phreaking community for fear of being punished. We are punished for wanting to learn. Why is the government
spending huge amounts of time and money to arrest hackers when there are other much more dangerous people out there. It is the murderers,
rapists, terrorists, kidnappers, and burglers who should be punished for what they have done, not hackers. We do NOT pose a threat to anyone. We are NOT out to hurt people or there computers. I admit that there are some people out there who call themselves hackers and who deliberately damage computers. But these people are criminals, NOT hackers. I don't care what the government says, we are NOT criminals. We are NOT trying to alter or damage any system. This is widely misunderstood. Maybe one day people will believe us when we say that all we  want is to learn. There are only two ways to get rid of hackers and phreakers.                                                               One is to get rid of computers and telephones, in which case we would  find other means of getting what we want.(Like that is really going to 
happen.) The other way is to give us what we want, which is free access to ALL information. Until one of those two things happen, we are not going anywhere.


B. Why hack?


As said above, we hack to gain knowledge about systems and the way they work. We do NOT want to damage systems in any way. If you do
damage a system, you WILL get caught. But, if you don't damage anything, it is very unlikely that you will be noticed, let alone be 
tracked down and arrested, which costs a considerable amount of time and money. Beginners should read all the files that they can get their
hands on about anything even remotely related to hacking and phreaking, BEFORE they start hacking. I know it sounds stupid and boring but it will definetly pay off in the future. The more you read about hacking and phreaking, the more unlikely it is that you will get caught. Some of the most useless pieces of information that you read could turn out to be the most helpful. That is why you need to read everything 
possible.


C. Hacking rules


1. Never damage any system. This will only get you into trouble.

2. Never alter any of the systems files, except for those needed to insure that you are not detected, and those to insure that you have
access into that computer in the future.

3. Do not share any information about your hacking projects with anyone but those you'd trust with your life.

4. When posting on BBS's (Bulletin Board Systems) be as vague as possible when describing your current hacking projects. BBS's CAN
be monitered by law enforcement.

5. Never use anyone's real name or real phone number when posting on a BBS. 

6. Never leave your handle on any systems that you hack in to.

7. DO NOT hack government computers.

8. Never speak about hacking projects over your home telephone line.

9. Be paranoid. Keep all of your hacking materials in a safe place.

10. To become a real hacker, you have to hack. You can't just sit around reading text files and hanging out on BBS's. This is not what
hacking is all about.


D. Getting started


The very first thing you need to do is get a copy of PKZIP or some other file unzipping utility. Nearly everything that you
download from the Internet or from a BBS will be zipped. A zipped file is a file that has been compressed. Zipped files end with the extension ".zip". Then you need to get yourself a good prefix scanner.(also knownas a War Dialer) This is a program that automatically dials phone 
numbers beginning with the three numbers (prefix) that you specify. It checks to see if the number dialed has a carrier.(series of beeps that 
tells you that you have dialed a computer) Try and find a large business area prefix to scan. It is these businesses that have 
interesting computers. There are many good scanners out there, but I would recommend Autoscan or A-Dial. These are very easy to use and get the job done quickly and efficiently.


E. Where and how to start hacking


After you get yourself a good scanner, scan some prefixes and find some cool dialups, then do the following: From your terminal,
dial the number you found. Then you should hear a series of beeps (carrier) which tells you that you are connecting to a remote computer.
It should then say something like "CONNECT 9600" and then identify the system that you are on. If nothing happens after it says "CONNECT 9600" try hitting enter a few times. If you get a bunch of garbage adjust your parity, data bits, stop bits, baud rate, etc., until it becomes clear. That is one way of connecting to a remote computer. Another way is through Telenet or some other large network.
Telenet is a very large network that has many other networks and  remote computers connected to it.
Ok, here is how you would connect to a remote computer through Telenet:
First, you get your local dialup(phone number) from the list that I have provided in Section G. Then you dial the number from your 
terminal and connect.(If you get a bunch of garbage try changing your parity to odd and your data bits to 7, this should clear it up.) If 
it just sits there hit enter and wait a few seconds, then hit enter again. Then it will say "TERMINAL=" and you type in your terminal
emulation. If you don't know what it is just hit enter. Then it will give you a prompt that looks like "@". From there you type "c" and then
the NUA (Network User Address) that you want to connect to. After you connect to the NUA, the first thing you need to do is find out what type of system you are on.(i.e. UNIX, VAX/VMS, PRIME, etc.) There are other things that you can do on Telenet besides 
connecting to an NUA. Some of these commands and functions are listed in the next section.
You can only connect to computers which accept reverse charging. The only way you can connect to computers that don't accept reverse charging is if you have a Telenet account. You can try hacking these. To do this, at the "@" prompt type "access".
It will then ask you for your Telenet ID and password. Telenet is probably the safest place to start hacking because of
the large numbers of calls that they get. Make sure you call during business hours (late morning or early afternoon) so there are many
other people on-line.


F. Telenet commands


Here is a list of some Telenet commands and their functions. This is only a partial list. Beginners probably won't use these commands,
but I put them here for reference anyway.

COMMAND FUNCTION

c Connect to a host.
stat Shows network port.
full Network echo.
half Terminal echo.
telemail Mail.(need ID and password)
mail Mail.(need ID and password)
set Select PAD parameters
cont Continue.
d Disconnect.
hangup Hangs up.
access Telenet account.(ID and password)


G. Telenet dialups


Here is the list of all the Telenet dialups that I know of in the U.S.A., including the city, state, and area code:

STATE,CITY: AREA CODE: NUMBER:

AL, Anniston 205 236-9711
AL, Birmingham 205 328-2310
AL, Decatur 205 355-0206
AL, Dothan 205 793-5034
AL, Florence 205 767-7960
AL, Huntsville 205 539-2281
AL, Mobile 205 432-1680
AL, Montgomery 205 269-0090
AL, Tuscaloosa 205 752-1472
AZ, Phoenix 602 254-0244
AZ, Tucson 602 747-0107
AR, Ft.Smith 501 782-2852
AR, Little Rock 501 327-4616 
CA, Bakersfield 805 327-8146
CA, Chico 916 894-6882
CA, Colton 714 824-9000
CA, Compton 213 516-1007
CA, Concord 415 827-3960
CA, Escondido 619 741-7756
CA, Eureka 707 444-3091
CA, Fresno 209 233-0961
CA, Garden Grove 714 898-9820
CA, Glendale 818 507-0909
CA, Hayward 415 881-1382
CA, Los Angeles 213 624-2251
CA, Marina Del Rey 213 306-2984
CA, Merced 209 383-2557
CA, Modesto 209 576-2852
CA, Montery 408 646-9092
CA, Norwalk 213 404-2237
CA, Oakland 415 836-4911
CA, Oceanside 619 430-0613
CA, Palo Alto 415 856-9995
CA, Pomona 714 626-1284
CA, Sacramento 916 448-6262
CA, Salinas 408 443-4940
CA, San Carlos 415 591-0726
CA, San Diego 619 233-0233
CA, San Francisco 415 956-5777
CA, San Jose 408 294-9119
CA, San Pedro 213 548-6141
CA, San Rafael 415 472-5360
CA, San Ramon 415 829-6705
CA, Santa Ana 714 558-7078
CA, Santa Barbara 805 682-5361
CA, Santa Cruz 408 429-6937
CA, Santa Rosa 707 656-6760
CA, Stockton 209 957-7610
CA, Thousand Oaks 805 495-3588
CA, Vallejo 415 724-4200
CA, Ventura 805 656-6760
CA, Visalia 209 627-1201
CA, West Covina 818 915-5151
CA, Woodland Hills 818 887-3160
C0, Colorado 719 635-5361
CO, Denver 303 337-6060
CO, Ft. Collins 303 493-9131
CO, Grand Junction 303 241-3004
CO, Greeley 303 352-8563
CO, Pueblo 719 542-4053
CT, Bridgeport 203 335-5055
CT, Danbury 203 794-9075
CT, Hartford 203 247-9479
CT, Middletown 203 344-8217
CT, New Britain 203 225-7027
CT, New Haven 203 624-5954
CT, New London 203 447-8455
CT, Norwalk 203 866-7404
CT, Stamford 203 348-0787
CT, Waterbury 203 753-4512
DE, Dover 302 678-8328
DE, Newark 302 454-7710
DC, Washington 202 429-7896
DC, Washington 202 429-7800
FL, Boca Raton 407 338-3701
FL, Cape Coral 813 275-7924
FL, Cocoa Beach 407 267-0800
FL, Daytona Beach 904 255-2629
FL, Ft. Lauderdale 305 764-4505
FL, Gainsville 904 338-0220
FL, Jacksonville 904 353-1818
FL, Lakeland 813 683-5461
FL, Melbourne 407 242-8247
FL, Miami 305 372-0230
FL, Naples 813 263-3033
FL, Ocala 904 351-3790
FL, Orlando 407 422-4099
FL, Pensacola 904 432-1335
FL, Pompano Beach 305 941-5445
FL, St. Petersburg 813 323-4026
FL, Sarasota 813 923-4563
FL, Tallahassee 904 681-1902
FL, Tampa 813 224-9920
FL, West Palm Beach 407 833-6691
GA, Albany 912 888-3011
GA, Athens 404 548-5590
GA, Atlanta 404 523-0834
GA, Augusta 404 724-2752
GA, Colombus 404 571-0556
GA, Macon 912 743-8844
GA, Rome 404 234-1428
GA, Savannah 912 236-2605
HI, Oahu 808 528-0200
ID, Boise 208 343-0611
ID, Idaho Falls 208 529-0406
ID, Lewiston 208 743-0099
ID, Pocatella 208 232-1764
IL, Aurora 312 896-0620
IL, Bloomington 309 827-7000
IL, Chicago 312 938-0600
IL, Decatur 217 429-0235
IL, Dekalb 815 758-2623
IL, Joliet 815 726-0070
IL, Peoria 309 637-8570
IL, Rockford 815 965-0400
IL, Springfield 217 753-1373
IL, Urbana 217 384-6428
IN, Bloomington 812 332-1344
IN, Evansville 812 424-7693
IN, Ft. Wayne 219 426-2268
IN, Gary 219 882-8800
IN, Indianapolis 317 299-0024
IN, Kokomo 317 455-2460
IN, Lafayette 317 742-6000
IN, Muncie 317 282-6418
IN, South Bend 219 233-7104
IN, Terre Haute 812 232-5329
IA, Ames 515 233-6300
IA, Cedar Rapids 319 364-0911
IA, Davenport 319 324-2445
IA, Des Moines 515 288-4403
IA, Dubuque 319 556-0783
IA, Iowa City 319 351-1421
IA, Sioux City 712 255-1545
IA, Waterloo 319 232-5441
KS, Lawrence 913 843-8124
KS, Manhattan 913 537-0948
KS, Salina 913 825-7900
KS, Topeka 913 233-9880
KS, Wichita 316 262-5669
KY, Bowling Green 502 782-7941
KY, Frankfort 502 875-4654
KY, Lexington 606 233-0312
KY, Louisville 502 589-5580 
KY, Owensboro 502 686-8107 
LA, Alexandria 318 445-1053 
LA, Baton Rouge 504 343-0753 
LA, Lafayette 318 233-0002 
LA, Lake Charles 318 436-0518 
LA, Monroe 318 387-6330
LA, New Orleans 504 524-4094
LA, Shreveport 318 221-5833
ME, Augusta 207 622-3123
ME, Brewer 207 989-3081
ME, Lewiston 207 784-0105
ME, Portland 207 761-4000
MD, Annapolis 301 224-8550
MD, Baltimore 301 727-6060
MD, Frederick 301 293-9596
MA, Boston 617 292-0662
MA, Brockton 508 580-0721
MA, Fall River 508 677-4477
MA, Framingham 508 879-6798
MA, Lawrence 508 975-2273
MA, Lexington 617 863-1550
MA, Lowell 508 937-5214
MA, New Bedford 508 999-2915
MA, Northampton 413 586-0510
MA, Pittsfield 413 499-7741
MA, Salem 508 744-1559
MA, Springfield 413 781-3811
MA, Woods Hole 508 540-7500
MA, Worcester 508 755-4740
MI, Ann Arbor 313 996-5995
MI, Battle Creek 616 968-0929
MI, Detroit 313 964-2988
MI, Flint 313 235-8517
MI, Grand Rapids 616 774-0966 
MI, Jackson 517 782-8111 
MI, Kalamazoo 616 345-3088
MI, Lansing 517 484-0062
MI, Midland 517 832-7068
MI, Muskegon 616 726-5723
MI, Pontiac 313 332-5120
MI, Port Huron 313 982-8364
MI, Saginaw 517 790-5166
MI, Southfield 313 827-4710
MI, Traverse City 616 946-2121
MI, Warren 313 575-9152
MN, Duluth 218 722-1719
MN, Mankato 517 388-3780
MN, Minneapolis 612 341-2459
MN, Rochester 507 282-5917
MN, St. Cloud 612 253-2064
MS, Gulfport 601 863-0024
MS, Jackson 601 969-0036
MS, Meridian 601 482-2210
MS, Starkville 601 324-2155
MO, Columbia 314 449-4404
MO, Jefferson City 314 634-5178
MO, Kansas City 816 221-9900
MO, St. Joseph 816 279-4797
MO, St. Louis 314 421-4990
MO, Springfield 417 864-4814
MT, Billings 406 245-7649
MT, Great Falls 406 771-0067
MT, Helena 406 443-0000
MT, Missoula 406 721-5900
NE, Lincoln 402 475-4964
NE, Omaha 402 341-7733
NV, Las Vegas 702 737-6861
NV, Reno 702 827-6900
NH, Concord 603 224-1024
NH, Durham 603 868-2924
NH, Manchester 603 627-8725
NH, Nashua 603 880-6241
NH, Portsmouth 603 431-2302
NJ, Atlantic City 609 348-0561
NJ, Freehold 201 780-5030
NJ, Hackensack 201 488-6567
NJ, Marlton 609 596-1500
NJ, Merchantville 609 663-9297
NJ, Morristown 201 455-0275
NJ, New Brunswick 201 745-2900
NJ, Newark 201 623-0469
NJ, Passaic 201 778-5600
NJ, Paterson 201 684-7560
NJ, Princeton 609 799-5587
NJ, Rahway 201 815-1885
NJ, Redbank 201 571-0003
NJ, Roseland 201 227-5277
NJ, Sayreville 201 525-9507
NJ, Trenton 609 989-8847
NM, Albuquerque 505 243-4479
NM, Las Cruces 505 526-9191
NM, Santa Fe 505 473-3403
NY, Albany 518 465-8444
NY, Binghampton 607 772-6642
NY, Buffalo 716 847-1440
NY, Dear Park 516 667-5566
NY, Hempstead 516 292-3800
NY, Ithaca 607 277-2142
NY, New York City 212 741-8100
NY, New York City 212 620-6000
NY, Plattsburgh 518 562-1890
NY, Poughkeepsie 914 473-2240
NY, Rochester 716 454-1020
NY, Syracuse 315 472-5583
NY, Utica 315 797-0920
NY, Whit Plains 914 328-9199
NC, Asheville 704 252-9134
NC, Charlotte 704 332-3131
NC, Fayetteville 919 323-8165
NC, Gastonia 704 865-4708
NC, Greensboro 919 273-2851
NC, High Point 919 889-7494
NC, North Wilkesboro 919 838-9034
NC, Raleigh 919 834-8254
NC, Res Tri Park 919 549-8139
NC, Tarboro 919 823-0579
NC, Wilmington 919 763-8313
NC, Winston-Salem 919 725-2126 
ND, Fargo 701 235-7717
ND, Grand Forks 701 775-7813
ND, Mandan 701 663-2256
OH, Canton 216 452-0903
OH, Cincinnati 513 579-0390
OH, Cleveland 216 575-1658
OH, Colombus 614 463-9340
OH, Dayton 513 461-5254
OH, Elyria 216 323-5059
OH, Hamilton 513 863-4116
OH, Kent 216 678-5115
OH, Lorain 216 960-1170
OH, Mansfield 419 526-0686
OH, Sandusky 419 627-0050
OH, Springfield 513 324-1520
OH, Toledo 419 255-7881
OH, Warren 216 394-0041
OH, Wooster 216 264-8920
OH, Youngstown 216 743-1296
OK, Bartlesville 918 336-3675
OK, Lawton 405 353-0333
OK, Oklahoma City 405 232-4546
OK, Stillwater 405 624-1113
OK, Tulsa 918 584-3247
OR, Corvallis 503 754-9273
OR, Eugena 503 683-1460
OR, Hood River 503 386-4405
OR, Klamath Falls 503 882-6282
OR, Medford 503 779-6343
OR, Portland 503 295-3028
OR, Salem 503 378-7712
PA, Allentown 215 435-3330
PA, Altoona 814 949-0310
PA, Carlisle 717 249-9311
PA, Danville 717 271-0102
PA, Erie 814 899-2241
PA, Harrisburg 717 236-6882
PA, Johnstown 814 535-7576
PA, King Of Prussia 215 337-4300
PA, Lancaster 717 295-5405
PA, Philadelphia 215 574-9462
PA, Pittsburgh 412 288-9950
PA, Reading 215 376-8750
PA, Scranton 717 961-5321
PA, State College 814 231-1510
PA, Wilkes-Barre 717 829-3108
PA, Williamsport 717 494-1796
PA, York 717 846-6550
RI, Providence 401 751-7910
SC, Charleston 803 722-4303
SC, Columbia 803 254-0695
SC, Greenville 803 233-3486
SC, Spartenburg 803 585-1637
SC, Pierre 605 224-0481
SC, Rapid City 605 348-2621
SC, Sioux Falls 605 336-8593
TN, Bristol 615 968-1130
TN, Chattanooga 615 756-1161
TN, Clarksville 615 552-0032
TN, Johnson City 615 282-6645
TN, Knoxville 615 525-5500
TN, Memphis 901 521-0215
TN, Nashville 615 244-3702
TN, Oak Ridge 615 481-3590
TX, Abilene 915 676-9151
TX, Amarillo 806 373-0458
TX, Athens 214 677-1712
TX, Austin 512 928-1130
TX, Brownsville 512 542-0367
TX, Bryan 409 822-0159
TX, Corpus Christi 512 884-9030
TX, Dallas 214 748-6371
TX, El Paso 915 532-7907
TX, Ft. Worth 817 332-4307
TX, Galveston 409 762-4382
TX, Houston 713 227-1018
TX, Laredo 512 724-1791
TX, Longview 214 236-4205
TX, Lubbock 806 747-4121
TX, Mcallen 512 686-5360
TX, Midland 915 561-9811
TX, Nederland 409 722-3720
TX, San Angelo 915 944-7612
TX, San Antonio 512 225-8004
TX, Sherman 214 893-4995
TX, Temple 817 773-9723
TX, Tyler 214 597-8925
TX, Waco 817 752-9743
TX, Wichita Falls 817 322-3774
UT, Ogden 801 627-1630
UT, Provo 801 373-0542
UT, Salt Lake City 801 359-0149
VT, Burlington 802 864-0808
VT, Montpelier 802 229-4966
VT, Rutland 802 775-1676
VT, White River Jct. 802 295-7631 
VA, Blacksburg 703 552-9181 
VA, Charlottesville 804 977-5330 
VA, Covington 703 962-2217 
VA, Fredericksburg 703 371-0188 
VA, Harrisonburg 703 434-7121
VA, Herndon 703 435-1800
VA, Lynchburg 804 845-0010
VA, Newport News 804 596-6600
VA, Norfolk 804 625-1186
VA, Richmond 804 788-9902
VA, Roanoke 703 344-2036
WA, Auburn 206 939-9982
WA, Bellingham 206 733-2720
WA, Everett 206 775-9929
WA, Longview 206 577-5835
WA, Olympia 206 754-0460
WA, Richland 509 943-0649
WA, Seattle 206 625-9612
WA, Spokane 509 455-4071
WA, Tacoma 206 627-1791
WA, Vancouver 206 693-6914
WA, Wenatchee 509 663-6227
WA, Yakima 509 575-1060
WV, Charleston 304 343-6471
WV, Huntington 304 523-2802
WV, Morgantown 304 292-0104
WV, Wheeling 304 233-7732
WI, Beloit 608 362-5287
WI, Eau Claire 715 836-9295 
WI, Green Bay 414 432-2815 
WI, Kenosha 414 552-9242
WI, La Crosse 608 784-0560 
WI, Madison 608 257-5010 
WI, Milwaukee 414 271-3914
WI, Neenah 414 722-7636
WI, Racine 414 632-6166
WI, Sheboygan 414 452-3995
WI, Wausau 715 845-9584
WI, West Bend 414 334-2206
WY, Casper 307 265-5167
WY, Cheyenne 307 638-4421
WY, Laramie 307 721-5878 
H. Telenet DNIC's


Here is the list of all the Telenet DNIC's. These 
will be defined and explained in the next section:

DNIC: NETWORK: 

02041 Datanet-1
02062 DCS
02080 Transpac
02284 Telepac (Switzerland)
02322 Datex-P (Austria)
02392 Radaus
02342 PSS
02382 Datapak (Denmark)
02402 Datapak (Sweden)
02405 Telepak
02442 Finpak
02624 Datex-P (West Germany)
02704 Luxpac
02724 Eirpak
03020 Datapac
03028 Infogram
03103 ITT/UDTS (U.S.A.)
03106 Tymnet
03110 Telenet
03340 Telepac (Mexico)
03400 UDTS (Curacau)
04251 Isranet
04401 DDX-P
04408 Venus-P
04501 Dacom-Net
04542 Intelpak
05052 Austpac
05053 Midas
05252 Telepac (Hong Kong)
05301 Pacnet
06550 Saponet
07240 Interdata
07241 Renpac
07421 Dompac
09000 Dialnet


I. Telenet NUA's


Here is a list of a few Telenet NUA's and what type of system they are. But first, this is how an NUA is put together:

031106170023700
\ /\ / \ /
| | | 
DNIC Area NUA
Code 

The DNIC says which network connected to Telenet you are using. The area code is the area code for the area that the NUA is in. And
the NUA is the address of the computer on Telenet. Please note that an NUA does NOT have to be in your area code for you to connect to it.
There are two ways of finding useful NUA's. The first way is to get or write an NUA scanning program. The second way is to get a copy 
of the Legion Of Doom's Telenet Directory.( Volume 4 of the LOD Technical Journals)
Now, here is the list. Remember that these are only a few NUA's.These are NOT all of the Telenet NUA's. All of these NUA's DO accept
reverse charging. Also, please note that all of these may not be working by the time you read this and that network congestion
frequently makes an NUA inaccessible for a short period of time.

NUA: SYSTEM TYPE:

031102010022500 VAX
031102010015600 UNIX
031102010022000 VAX
031102010025900 UNIX
031102010046100 VAX
031102010025200 PRIME
031102010046100 VAX
031102010052200 VAX
031102020001000 PRIME
031102020013200 VAX
031102020014100 PRIME
031102020014200 PRIME
031102020015000 VAX
031102020016100 UNIX
031102020021400 PRIME
031102020024500 AOS
031102020030800 PRIME
031102020030900 PRIME
031102020031200 PRIME
031102020033600 VAX
031102020033700 VAX
031102020034300 PRIME
031102020036000 HP-3000 
031102030007500 VAX
031102030002200 VM/370
031102030013600 PRIME
031102060003200 HP-3000
031102060044000 VAX
031102060044900 NOS
031102060044700 VM/370
031102120003900 NOS
031102120015200 PRIME
031102120026600 VAX
031102120026300 VAX
031102120026700 UNIX
031102120044900 UNIX
031102120053900 VOS
031102140024000 VAX


J. Basic UNIX hacking

UNIX is probably the most commonly used operating system on Telenet, and is the easiest 
to hack since it doesn't record bad login attempts. You know you've found a UNIX system 
when it gives you a "Login" prompt, and then a "Password" prompt. To get in you should 
first try the default logins.(Listed below.) If these don't work try some of the passwords 
listed in Section M. If these don't work try to find backdoors. These are passwords that may
have been put in to allow the programmer (or someone else who could be in a position to make a
backdoor) to get access into the system. These are usually not known about by anyone but the 
individual who made it. Try doing some research on the programmer and other people who helped 
to make the system. And, if these don't work, just try guessing them. The Login (usually the 
account holders name) has 1-8 characters and the Password is 6-8 characters. Both can be either
letters or numbers, or a combination of the two.
Once you get in, you should get a "$" prompt, or some other special character like it.
You should only use lower case letters when hacking UNIX, this seems to be standard format. 
If
you type "man [command]" at the prompt, it should list all of the commands for that system. 
Anyway, here are the default Logins and Passwords:


Login: Password:

root root
root system
sys sys
sys system
daemon daemon
uucp uucp
tty tty
test test
unix unix
unix test
bin bin
adm adm
adm admin
admin adm
admin admin
sysman sysman
sysman sys
sysman system
sysadmin sysadmin
sysadmin sys
sysadmin system
sysadmin admin
sysadmin adm
who who
learn learn
uuhost uuhost
guest guest
host host
nuucp nuucp
rje rje
games games
games player
sysop sysop
root sysop
demo demo


Once you are in, the first thing that you need to do is save the password file to your
hard drive or to a disk. The password file contains the Logins and Passwords. The passwords 
are encoded. To get the UNIX password file, depending on what type of UNIX you are in, 
you can type one of the following things:

/etc/passwd
or
cat /etc/passwd 

The first one is the standard command, but there are other commands as well, like the
second one. Once you get the password file, it should look like this:


john:234abc56:9999:13:John Johnson:/home/dir/john:/bin/john


Broken down, this is what the above password file states:


Username: john
Encrypted Password: 234abc56
User Number: 9999
Group Number: 13
Other Information: John Johnson
Home Directory: /home/dir/john
Shell: /bin/john


If the password file does not show up under one of the above two commands, then it 
is probably shadowed.
The following definition of password shadowing was taken from the alt.2600 hack faq:
"Password shadowing is a security system where the encrypted password field is replaced
with a special token and the encrypted password is stored in a seperate file which is not
readable by normal system users."
If the password file is shadowed, you can find it in one of the following places, depending 
on the type of UNIX you are using:


UNIX System Type: Path: Token:

AIX 3 /etc/security/passwd ! 
or /tcb/auth/files/<first letter of # 
username>/<username>

A/UX 3.Os /tcb/files/auth/*

BSD4.3-Reno /etc/master.passwd *

ConvexOS 10 /etc/shadpw *

Convex0S 11 /etc/shadow *

DG/UX /etc/tcb/aa/user *

EP/IX /etc/shadow x

HP-UX /.secure/etc/passwd *

IRIX 5 /etc/shadow x

Linux 1.1 /etc/shadow *

OSF/1 /etc/passwd[.dir|.pag] *

SCO UNIX #.2.x /tcb/auth/files/<first letter of *
username>/<username>

SunOS 4.1+c2 /etc/security/passwd.adjunct ##

SunOS 5.0 /etc/shadow 

System V 4.0 /etc/shadow x

System V 4.2 /etc/security/* database 

Ultrix 4 /etc/auth[.dir|.pag] *

UNICOS /etc/udb *


Some passwords can only be used for a certain amount of time without having to be 
changed, this is called password aging. In the password file example below, the "C.a4" is the
password aging data:


bob:123456,C.a4:6348:45:Bob Wilson:/home/dir/bob:/bin/bob


The characters in the password aging data stand for the following:


1. Maximum number of weeks a password can be used without changing.
2. Minimum number of weeks a password must be used before being changed.
3&4. Last time password was changed, in number of weeks since 1970.


The password aging data can be decoded using the chart below:

Character: Number:

. 0
/ 1
0 2
1 3
2 4
3 5
4 6
5 7
6 8
7 9
8 10
9 11
A 12
B 13
C 14
D 15 
E 16
F 17
G 18
H 19 
I 20
J 21
K 22
L 23
M 24
N 25
O 26
P 27
Q 28
R 29
S 30
T 31
U 32
V 33
W 34
X 35
Y 36
Z 37
a 38
b 39
c 40
d 41
e 42
f 43
g 44
h 45
i 46
j 47
k 48
l 49
m 50
n 51
o 52
p 53
q 54
r 55
s 56
t 57
u 58
v 59
w 60
x 61
y 62
z 63


Now, explore the system freely, be careful, and have fun!


K. Basic VAX/VMS hacking


The VAX system runs the VMS (Virtual Memory System) operating system. You know that you
have a VAX system when you get a "username" prompt. Type in capital letters, this seems to be
standard on VAX's. Type "HELP" and it gives you all of the help that you could possibly want.
Here are the default usernames and passwords for VAX's:

Username: Password:

SYSTEM OPERATOR
SYSTEM MANAGER
SYSTEM SYSTEM
SYSTEM SYSLIB
OPERATOR OPERATOR
SYSTEST UETP
SYSTEST SYSTEST
SYSTEST TEST
SYSMAINT SYSMAINT
SYSMAINT SERVICE
SYSMAINT DIGITAL
FIELD FIELD
FIELD SERVICE
GUEST GUEST
GUEST unpassworded
DEMO DEMO
DEMO unpassworded
TEST TEST
DECNET DECNET



Here are some of the VAX/VMS commands:


Command: Function:

HELP (H) Gives help and list of commands.
TYPE (T) View contents of a file.
RENAME (REN) Change name of a file.
PURGE (PU) Deletes old versions of a file.
PRINT (PR) Prints a file.
DIRECTORY (DIR) Shows list of files.
DIFFERENCES (DIF) Shows differences between files.
CREATE (CR) Creates a file.
DELETE (DEL) Deletes a file.
COPY (COP) Copy a file to another.
CONTINUE (C) Continues session.



The password file on VAX's are available when you type in the command:

SYS$SYSTEM:SYSUAF.DAT

The password file on most VAX's are usually not available to normal system users, but 
try it anyway. If the default logins don't work, use the same means of finding one as stated 
in Section J.
Be VERY careful when hacking VAX's becuase they record every bad login attempt. They 
are sometimes considered one of the most secure systems. Because of this, I advise not to 
try hacking these until you are more advanced.
But, when you are an advanced hacker, or if you are already an advanced hacker, I 
advise that you try a few passwords at a time and then wait and try a few more the next day 
and so on, because when the real user logs on it displays all of the bad login attempts.


L. Basic PRIME hacking


PRIME computer systems greet you with "Primecon 18.23.05", or something like it, when 
you connect. You should type in capital letters on this system, too. Once you connect, it will 
usually just sit there. If this happens, type "LOGIN <USERNAME>". It should then ask you for
your username and password. The default usernames and passwords are listed below:

Username: Password:

PRIME PRIME
PRIME PRIMOS
PRIMOS PRIMOS
PRIMOS PRIME
PRIMOS_CS PRIME
PRIMOS_CS PRIMOS
PRIMENET PRIMENET
SYSTEM SYSTEM
SYSTEM PRIME
SYSTEM PRIMOS
NETLINK NETLINK
TEST TEST
GUEST GUEST
GUEST1 GUEST


When you are inside the system, type "NETLINK" and it ahould give you alot of help.
This system uses NUA's, too. I might print these in the next volume.


M. Password List


The password list was taken from A Novice's Guide To Hacking, by The Legion Of Doom, 
and from some of my own discoveries. Here is the list of commonly used passwords:

Password:

aaa
academia
ada
adrian
aerobics
airplane
albany
albatross
albert
alex
alexander
algebra
alias
alisa
alpha
alphabet
ama
amy
analog
anchor
andy
andrea
animal
answer
anything
arrow
arthur
ass
asshole
athena
atmosphere
bacchus
badass
bailey
banana
bandit
banks
bass
batman
beautiful
beauty
beaver
daniel
danny
dave
deb
debbie
deborah
december
desire
desperate
develop
diet
digital
discovery
disney
dog
drought
duncan
easy
eatme
edges
edwin
egghead
eileen
einstein
elephant
elizabeth
ellen
emerald
engine
engineer
enterprise
enzyme
euclid
evelyn
extension
fairway
felicia
fender
finite
format
god
hello
idiot
jester
john
johnny
joseph
joshua
judith
juggle
julia
kathleen
kermit
kernel
knight
lambda
larry
lazarus
lee
leroy
lewis
light
lisa
louis
love
lynne
mac
macintosh
mack
maggot
magic
malcolm
mark
markus
martin
marty
marvin
matt
master
maurice
maximum
merlin
mets
michael
michelle
mike
minimum
nicki
nicole
rascal
really
rebecca
remote
rick
reagan
robot
robotics
rolex
ronald
rose
rosebud
rosemary
roses
ruben
rules
ruth
sal
saxon
scheme
scott
secret
sensor
serenity
sex
shark
sharon
shit
shiva
shuttle
simon
simple
singer
single
singing
smile
smooch
smother
snatch
snoopy
soap
socrates
spit
spring
subway
success
summer
super
support
surfer
suzanne
tangerine
tape
target
taylor
telephone
temptation
tiger
tigger
toggle
tomato
toyota
trivial
unhappy
unicorn
unknown
urchin
utility
vicki
virgin
virginia
warren
water
weenie
whatnot
whitney
will
william
winston
willie
wizard
wonbat
yosemite
zap


N. Connecting modems to different phone lines 


Ok, if you are really paranoid (or smart) and you don't want to hack from your house for
fear of getting caught, you can hook up your modem to other peoples phone lines or to 
payphones.
If you want to hook your modem to a payphone, do it late at night and at a very 
secluded payphone. Look along either side of the phone. You should see a small metal tube
(which contains the telephone wires) running along the wall. Somewhere along the tube it
should widen out into a small box. Pop off the boxes lid and there is a nice little phone 
jack for ya'. Taking off the lid may be difficult because they are usually pretty secure, but
nothing is impossible, so keep trying. Of course, you can only do this with a lap-top 
computer.
Now, if you want to hook up the modem to someone's house or appartment phone line, 
you need to get a pair of red and green alligator clips, and an extra modem cord for your 
lap-top.
After you get those parts, cut the plastic end off of your modem cord and you will
see a red wire, a green wire, and two other wires, but you can ignore those. Attach the
red alligator clip to the red wire, and attach the green alligator clip to the green wire
and you're all set. Now all you need to do is go find a telephone pole or one of those small
green boxes that stick out of the ground.(They should have a Bell Systems logo on them.)
On a telephone pole open the little box that has a bunch of wires going to and from it. 
On the right side of the box you should see what look like two large screws.
(These are called "terminals".) One should have a red wire wrapped around it and the other
should have a green wire wrapped around it. Attach the red alligator clip the the red wire 
and the green alligator clip to the green wire, and you're all set. This should get you a dial
tone. If it doesn't, make sure that the alligator clips are not touching each other, and that
the alligator clips are attached to the exposed end of the wire.
Now, on those green boxes you need to undo all of the screws and shit holding the lid on,
and open it up. Then you should find basically the same setup as in the telephone pole.
Attach the appropriate wires to the appropriate terminals and you are all set. 
This process can also be used to hook up a Beige Box (Lineman's Handset.) when 
phreaking.


O. Viruses, Trojans, and Worms


Just in case some of you are interested, here are the definitions for Viruses, Trojans,
and Worms. These definitions were taken from the alt.2600 hack faq.

Trojan:

"Remember the Trojan Horse? Bad guys hid inside it until they could get into the city to 
do their evil deed. A Trojan computer program is similiar. It is a program which does an
unauthorized function, hidden inside an authorized program. It does something other than 
it claims to do, usually something malicious (although not necessarily!), and it is intended 
by the author to do whatever it does. If it is not intentional, it is called a bug or, in some 
cases, a feature :) Some Virus scanning programs detect some Trojans. Some scanning programs 
don't detect any Trojans. No Virus scanners detect all Trojans."

Virus:

"A Virus is an independent program which reproduces itself. It may attach itself to other
programs, it may create copies of itself (as in companion Viruses). It may damage or corrupt 
data, change data, or degrade the performance of your system by utilizing resources such as 
memory or disk space. Some Viruse scanners detect some Viruses. No Virus scanners detect all
Viruses. No Virus scanner can protect against any and all Viruses, known and unknown, now 
and forevermore."

Worm:

"Made famous by Robert Morris, Jr., Worms are programs which reproduce by copying 
themselves over and over, system to system, using up resources and sometimes slowing down the
system. They are self contained and use the networks to spread, in much the same way that
Viruses use files to spread. Some people say the solution to Viruses and worms is to just
not have any files or networks. They are probably correct. We could include computers."


II. PHREAKING


A. What is phreaking


The Red Box is the main tool that you will use so I have included the Red Box plans. 
The other box plans can be downloaded from the Internet.

Red Box:

There are two ways that you can make a Red Box:

One is to go to Radio Shack and buy a tone dialer and a 6.5536Mhz crystal.
(If Radio Shack doesn't have the crystal, you can order them from the electronics companies
that I have listed at the end of this section.) Open up the tone dialer and replace the 
existing crystal (big, shiny, metal thing labeled "3.579545Mhz") with the 6.5536Mhz crystal.
Now, close it up. You have a red box. 
To use it for long distance calls play the tones that add up to the amount of money 
that the operator requests. For a 25 cents tone press 5 *'s. For a 10 cents tone press 3 *'s.
For a 5 cents tone press 1 *.
And, the second way, which is a much easier method, is to get the Red Box tones from a
phreaking program, such as: Omnibox, or Fear's Phreaker Tools. Play the tones as you hold a
microcassette recorder about 1-inch away from your computer speakers, and record the tones.